National: India Boosts J&K Hydropower Storage Capacity
Strategic Shift Post-Indus Treaty Suspension
India is enhancing water storage capacity in new hydropower projects in Jammu and Kashmir, following the suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty with Pakistan on April 22, 2025. The move aims to maximize hydroelectric potential and optimize water resource utilization.
Central Government’s Plan
Union Power Minister Manohar Lal Khattar announced plans to increase reservoir capacity in upcoming Jammu and Kashmir hydropower projects. While existing project designs remain unchanged, new initiatives will prioritize expanded storage to boost power generation.
Impact of Treaty Suspension
The Indus Waters Treaty, signed in 1960, restricted India’s ability to develop hydroelectric projects and store water on the Indus and its tributaries. Its suspension enables India to pursue enhanced storage and power generation without previous constraints.
Approved Hydropower Projects
The Central Electricity Authority has greenlit four hydroelectric projects in Jammu and Kashmir, yet to commence construction. These include:
Expected Capacity Increase
The projects are projected to elevate Jammu and Kashmir’s hydropower capacity from 4,000 MW to over 10,000 MW. Enhanced storage will support irrigation and power needs in Rajasthan, Delhi, and Haryana, alongside Jammu and Kashmir.
Treaty Framework and Rights
The 1960 treaty allocated Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej rivers (33 million acre-feet annually) to India, while Pakistan gained rights over the Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab (135 million acre-feet). A cooperative mechanism facilitated data sharing until the treaty’s suspension.
Project Implementation Timeline
The approved projects are scheduled to become operational between June 2026 and August 2028, per the Power Ministry. Multiple agencies are involved to ensure timely execution and technical compliance.
Geopolitical Context
The treaty’s suspension followed a militant attack in Pahalgam, prompting India to reassess water-sharing commitments. The decision has heightened regional tensions, with Pakistan expressing concerns over reduced water flows.
Economic and Environmental Incentives
The government is considering incentives to accelerate hydropower development in Jammu and Kashmir, aligning with India’s renewable energy goals. Enhanced storage will also mitigate water scarcity in downstream regions.
Future Implications
India’s focus on expanding hydropower infrastructure signals a strategic shift in resource management. The projects aim to bolster energy security while navigating complex geopolitical dynamics in the region.